Supply Chain Change at Givaudan Flavors Free Essay Example, 750 words

Choice and Rationale: - Solution A or BFrom a comparative perspective, Solution B is likely to deliver long-run benefits to both companies. While solution A suggests that Tastyco should increase its quantity demanded, it might not be quite a rational step in the short run. In addition, being highly depended on market fluctuations, the strategy shall also be unreliable in the long run. In contrast, solution B emphasizes alignment between the goals and values of the two companies, wherein long term efficiency can be expected from both the ends. Moreover, as solution B aims to deliver benefits to both the companies along with long term benefits, it can be regarded as a better option (Tang and Musa 25-34). Implementation: Tastyco is the largest consumer of Givaudan. Thus, ignoring such kinds of consumers would result in a loss for the company. Perhaps, owing to the reason, Givaudan is spending highly on providing standard flavors to its customers. The quality of service it provides is a lso according to the needs of Tastyco. It is in this context that rather than breaking the alignment Tastyco should identify the disadvantages it might face under such a situation. We will write a custom essay sample on Supply Chain Change at Givaudan Flavors or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now This may, in turn, benefit the company to ensure long-run sustainability and stability in its supply chain operations and channelize the intended change smoothly. In subsequence, the companies will be able to obtain greater competitive advantages from their partnership. Nevertheless, both Tastyco and Givaudan should make attempts to reduce dependency on each other, whereby Givaudan should also understand and respect the changes Tastyco intends to make (Tang and Musa 25-34).

Pride and Prejudice Essay The Character of Elizabeth

The Character of Elizabeth in Pride and Prejudice In her novel, Pride and Prejudice, Jane Austen portrays Elizabeth Bennet as strong and intelligent, yet bewitching in a completely feminine way. Elizabeths possession of these attributes: strength of character and moral integrity, great intelligence, and an attractive personality, make her an admirable person. Yet Elizabeth has faults, which makes her more human. Austens portrayal of Elizabeth is realistic and masterful, often juxtaposing her with characters lacking her attributes to heighten our appreciation of her. The claim that Elizabeth is strong is indisputable. The strength of her personal integrity is highly evident in her refusal of Darcys first marriage†¦show more content†¦She berated herself for her misjudgements and for being blinded by appearance to Wickhams untrustworthiness, which should have been evident in the discrepancy between his words and actions. She was absolutely ashamed of herself, and attained self-knowledge -- Till this moment I never truly knew myself. She faced up to the unpalatable truth about herself, and determined to change. Her courage and strength are commendable. This is in contrast to, most strikingly, Mr. Collins, who completely lacks the capacity for reflection and self-awareness. The reader laughs at his self-importance and ridiculously obsequious, sycophantic manner. Elizabeth also possesses moral strength. She constantly tries to restrain Lydias frivolity and inability to do what is fitting, or just plain good manners, in what looks to be a losing battle. When Lydia interrupts Collins reading aloud of a sermon, Elizabeth bids her to hold her tongue. She strongly feels the impropriety and shame of Lydias constant and avid seeking out of male attention and company. When Lydia is invited by Mrs. Forster to join the regiment in Brighton, Elizabeth endeavours to make her father stop Lydia. Unlike her father, who never restrains Lydia but rather enjoys the sight of her making a fool of herself,Show MoreRelated The Character of Elizabeth from Pride and Prejudice Essay1867 Words   |  8 PagesThe Character of Elizabeth from Pride and Prejudice Jane Austen, like her most beloved heroine, Elizabeth Bennet, is a keen observer of the nature of man in society. To simplify her studies, and to give her readers a better understanding of the concept of Pride and Prejudice, Austen does not focus our attention on the larger social structure as a whole, but skilfully directs our consideration only to a small, isolated segment of the society. In Pride and Prejudice, Austen scrutinizes aRead More A Character Analysis of Elizabeth Bennet Essay examples1591 Words   |  7 PagesA Character Analysis of Elizabeth Bennet Throughout Jane Austen’s novel Pride and Prejudice , there are many references to the unusual character of Elizabeth Bennet ; she is seen to be an atypical female during those times. Wit , bravery , independence , and feminist views all describe a most extraordinary model for women. Pride and Prejudice is a humorous novel about the trials of marrying well in the early eighteenth century. ItRead More Influence of Other Characters on the Transformation of Elizabeth in Pride and Prejudice634 Words   |  3 PagesInfluence of Other Characters on the Transformation of Elizabeth in Pride and Prejudice      Ã‚   In Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen, readers witness the profound transformation of the protagonist. 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Charlotte Perkin Gilman an American writer first published ‘The Yellow Wallpaper’ in 1892, the novella touches upon attitudes in the nineteenthRead MoreThe Man Sphere Versus The Woman s Sphere1103 Words   |  5 PagesExtended Essay The man’s sphere versus the woman’s sphere in Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice Abstract Introduction Jane Austen’s novels are known for not only being enthralling but also as characteristic of British society in the nineteenth century. Her novels present a compelling view on the historical, psychological, and sociological issues woven into the plots that are full of irony, farce, and versatile characters. One of Jane Austen’s most appreciated novels Pride and Prejudice illustratesRead More Gullivers Travels vs Pride and Prejudice Essay1382 Words   |  6 PagesGullivers Travels vs Pride and Prejudice Civility, as stated in the Webster’s Dictionary, as polite or courteous is represented in the novels Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austin and in Part IV of Gulliver’s Travels by Jonathan Swift. Civilization, as seen in the novels Pride and Prejudice and Gulliver’s Travels, is depicted as an act of human nature as compared to the act of savages. Human beings can be civilized and uncivilized depending on the way the reason things out or the way theyRead More Essay on the Deeper Meaning of Pride and Prejudice1578 Words   |  7 PagesThe Deeper Meaning of Pride and Prejudice       While Pride And Prejudice is demonstrably concerned with the subject of love, from Lydias physical passion for Wickham, through Janes slightly too patient and undemanding feelings for Bingley, to Elizabeths final perfect match with Darcy, it would be doing the novel and its author a great injustice to assume that it is merely a love story, and has no other purpose or design. The scope of the novel is indeed much wider than a serious interestRead MorePride And Prejudice Social Landscape Essay1600 Words   |  7 PagesIn Pride and Prejudice, Jane Austen carefully depicts the social landscape of England during the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Seemingly mirroring this social landscape is the physical landscape of the English countryside. In a pivotal scene in which the novel’s protagonist, Elizabeth Bennet, ventures to the home of her future husband, Austen uses the natural landscape to show how Elizabeth, born of the landed gentry class but with no financial stabilit y, physically ascends to the locationRead MorePride and Prejudice - Analytical Essay1023 Words   |  5 PagesAnalytical Essay: Pride Prejudice The progress between Elizabeth’s and Darcy’s relationship, in Jane Austen’s novel Pride and Prejudice (1813) illustrates and explores several the key themes in the novel. Their relationship highlights class expectations, pride and prejudice, and marriage, and how they play a major role in determining the course of their association. These are outlined through their first prejudiced dislike of each other when they first meet, the stronger feelings for ElizabethRead MoreJane Austens Influence in the Romantic Period958 Words   |  4 Pagesdevelop the first draft of three of her novels. In 1809, Jane initiated to take her writing career seriously, and in a span of four years, she published four different novels that became profoundly successful: â€Å"Sense and Sensibility (1811), Pride and Prejudice (1813), Mansfield Park (1814), and Emma (1815)† (Smith). â€Å"After publishing Emma, Jane started to develop symptoms of what may have been Addisons disease, and in July 18, 1817, Jane died† (Klackle). To show the honor that they had to their sister

Romeo And Juliet Essay Paper Example For Students

Romeo And Juliet Essay Paper The two versions of the play make the scene stands out in different ways and both use different methods to gain awe and knowledge to the audience. Zeferellis version of the scene begins with lighthearted comments as Benvolio and Mercutio squabble over the heat, but as the play gets deeper through, the scene gets much more lively and energetic. I got the feeling of attention from this and Zeferelli reflected this by having long shots of the characters to get a feeling of public view. While reading through the play it gets intriguing as Mercutios up beat and non-respective manner towards Tybalt. This makes the audience feel compelled towards Mercutio because he entertains and thats gives the feeling that he will do something to influence the story for better or worse. On line four where Mercutio relates his own feelings of anger using the weather, this is important because he is saying he is hot with anger. (This is probably why he jumps into the fountain). This means that something small can release it and may cause a ruckus; mad blood stirring indicates that the heat is boiling his blood and he can easily lose his temper because he is easily madden. Both men in this scene have a reputation for losing their temper very easily over trivial things that they say to each other. Their trivial quarrelling produces anxiety in the audience. Between lines 15-29 there are a sign of comical and serious trivial conversation. Such as Thou? Why, thou wilt quarrel with a man that hath a hair more or a hair less in his beard than thou hast, which applies that a more butch man (a man with a more hair is portrayed to be more Manley) with quarrel with a man with less hair (a man with less hair is portrayed as less of a man). During the insulting part of the fight scene Mercutio and Tybalt fire at each other insults to dishonour one another. Tybalt thou art a villain is the first insult he says towards Romeo. Romeo backs down from this insult for he knows he cannot do any thing because secretly he knows that they are related. Romeo backs down to Tybalt words and this angers Mercutio for Romeo says that he will tender Capulets as much as he tenders the name of Montague, because of the concealed marriage with Juliet. Mercutios actions to Romeos apparent betrayal; dishonourable, vile submission. Mercutio gets to out rage by what is happening that he calls Tybalt a rat-catch, in those days means a lower person and someone of less importance. Mercutios anger gets the better of him and he fights with Tybalt, Mercutio is a stubborn character and doesnt back down easily. Mercutio makes no compromises for he and Tybalt both knows that a fierce battle will happen. Within the contents of the scene Romeo seems to be the calmest of all the characters and wants nothing but peace among everyone. But that all changes when the unexpected death of Mercutio enrages Romeo. Romeo feels responsible for the death of Mercutio for intervening in their duel because Mercutio could not see the blade which was heading for his torso. The unexpected death of Mercutio enrages Romeo and his mood changes to anger. Romeo is out for blood and chases the fleeing Tybalt and shouts to him either thou or I, or both, must go with him. A fight emerges from which stuns the audience for Romeo has changed his personality tremendously and is willing to execute his own familiy. For he started as a man with no means of fighting, but because of the death of Mercutio he become a new character and is angered by their lose of a friend and a Montegue. .uf33139f9d302e9eaed86400ad3d773fc , .uf33139f9d302e9eaed86400ad3d773fc .postImageUrl , .uf33139f9d302e9eaed86400ad3d773fc .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf33139f9d302e9eaed86400ad3d773fc , .uf33139f9d302e9eaed86400ad3d773fc:hover , .uf33139f9d302e9eaed86400ad3d773fc:visited , .uf33139f9d302e9eaed86400ad3d773fc:active { border:0!important; } .uf33139f9d302e9eaed86400ad3d773fc .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf33139f9d302e9eaed86400ad3d773fc { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf33139f9d302e9eaed86400ad3d773fc:active , .uf33139f9d302e9eaed86400ad3d773fc:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf33139f9d302e9eaed86400ad3d773fc .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf33139f9d302e9eaed86400ad3d773fc .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf33139f9d302e9eaed86400ad3d773fc .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf33139f9d302e9eaed86400ad3d773fc .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf33139f9d302e9eaed86400ad3d773fc:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf33139f9d302e9eaed86400ad3d773fc .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf33139f9d302e9eaed86400ad3d773fc .uf33139f9d302e9eaed86400ad3d773fc-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf33139f9d302e9eaed86400ad3d773fc:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Nicholas: victor or victim? EssayIn Zeferellis version there are fast cutting camera shots which focusing on each characters faces showing their emotions and tensions brought out by what is happening around them. Fast cutting camera shot are display throughout with gives a sense of action and make the scene more intense for the audience. In between there is a factor of different paces of speech which has long pauses between the characters lines which shows that the character is thinking and building tension. The music and sound effects are sharp and give the audience a sense of serious drama and the notes instead of tunes give an exciting feel. As the small amounts of tens ion grow amongst the scene the music is low but when is gets close to is climax the music raises and gets louder. Luhrmanns version of the scene is not much different but is set in a modern time, which gives different visuals, which can affect the audiences view of the scene. This is because the surroundings are completely different. Where Zeferellis version has town buildings and peasants whereas Luhrmanns version has skyscrapers and businessmen, women etc. In this version light-hearted gestures are not brought out more to the audience unlike in Zeferellis version, because Luhrmanns version seems more serious. The impact of fast cutting shots is not used very well and tells the audience visualise the characters aggression or even the tension between themselves giving the actor camera time and not so concentrating on the scene. Sound effects and music in the scene are more intense with loud harsh drumming in the background with can indicate that something important will happen. The music unlike in Zeferellis version is more serious and give a sense of serious death match. The weather and the surroundings in the scene seem to change in the contrast of the characters moods. There is an example, when Mercutio dies the clouds blacken and heavy rain starts to fall. This helps give a dramatic effect of the change from day to night. The music helps make the scene more edgey and brings excitement and suspense to the as it fades high and low. Just like Zeferellis version the crowd play a part in Luhrmanns because during the scene you see a crowd member with a camcorder, recording what is going on. An effective technique that Luhrmann used was the use of pathetic fallacy. This reflects the mood of romeo during and after Mercutio dies. Drama is added when Mercutio curses Tybalt and Romeo; a plague aboth your houses. Those dramatic word compliment the current surroundings of rain and thunder. Act 4 scene 3, Juliet is feeling very distressed going through her ordeal, for the friar has given her the potion to drink to fake her death. She feels very alone and considers on calling the nurse; Ill call them back again to comfort me. But she then realises that she has to drink the potion by herself, my dismal scene I must act alone. At this point the audience is feeling increasingly sorry for her as it is clear how distressed she is. Coming to the end of the scene she sees Tybalt dead. She is sad for herself and for the two families because she knows that if the rivalry had cessed then Tybalt ( and Mercutio) would be still alive and her love for Romeo can be told. Her seriousness and devotion come out on line 58 where she is about to drink. Heres drink- I drink to thee. This proves to the audience that she is willing to do anything for her happiness for Romeo.

Lessons from Platos book The Apology

In his book ‘The Apology’, the Greek philosopher Plato provides a version of Socrates speech during his trail a courtroom in Athens. Plato, being Socrates’ wrote the Apologetics to show how the great philosopher defended himself against the charges brought to the court by his accusers around 399 BC.[1]Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Lessons from Plato’s book ‘The Apology’ specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Socrates was accused of several accounts of corrupting the youth and heresy. Plato’s account of the speech remains a modern inspiration and source of philosophical lessons to philosophers and scholars in the contemporary world. Though called ‘apology’ by Plato, the speech is not actually an apology- Socrates was attempting use his wisdom to justify his teachings and beliefs, and not to apologize for his actions.[2] First, his concise and clear explanati on of his beliefs and the facts that led to his accusation are an indication of Socrates’ ability to defend himself against his accusers basing his arguments on the wisdom he had rather then attempting to discredit his thoughts. In this way, Socrates portrays his reputation he had developed from his great philosophical wisdom by discrediting the pre-Socratics and sophists. He argues that his wisdom originates from an oracle given to Chaerephon by Delphi that he (Socrates) would be the wisest man on earth.[3] Secondly, philosophers learn that a perfect understanding of human knowledge does not exist. Consequently, a perfect understanding of some terms such as virtue, justice and piety does not exist. In Plato’s ‘The Apology’, Socrates claims that although he possessed super wisdom that was not comparable to that of the Athenian wise men, poets and teachers, he humbly accepted his wisdom and knew that it could not be the most perfect.[4] Unlike the politicia ns, poets and craftsmen, Socrates’ arguments provide the modern philosophers with a model of a true and just philosophy.[5] For instance, he accepts the antipathy and resentment, and goes to an extent of risking death rather then diverting from his own wisdom and discourage the students who had believed in him. The ‘Apology’ shows that Socrates was willing to face death rather than deny his wisdom. It is evident that Socrates’ love for wisdom outweighs human fear of death. He argues that he does not fear what he does not know (death), but fears human lack of knowledge and ignorance as portrayed by his accusers, the jury and the Athenian wise men. In addition, Socrates speech is a motivation to modern philosophers in that his wisdom consists of ultimate, clear and precise thinking and presentation of ideas. This uniqueness portrayed by Socrates aims at teaching modern philosophers that questioning and clarification of human knowledge is a vital thing than a ffirming to the knowledge.Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In addition, the speech shows that the role of the philosopher is not to be a critic; rather a philosopher must present the ideas in a concise and precise manner. The important thing is to present the ideas in a manner that describes the cause, process and effect of a given social, scientific and cultural problem.[6] In what appears to be the most inspiring argument in the field of philosophy, Socrates argues that if he was corrupting the youths in Athens and destroying the society, then the whole society would be corrupt and in the process he would destroy himself. He argues that he was not so foolish to an extent of using his knowledge to hurt his own society. This is an indication that philosophers should be responsible of their knowledge and arguments since the society can easily act according to philosophers’ argu ments. Bibliography West, Thomas. Plato’s Apology of Socrates. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1979. Footnotes Thomas West, Plato’s Apology of Socrates, (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1979), 54 West, 57 West, 64 West, 72 West, 77 West, 84 This essay on Lessons from Plato’s book ‘The Apology’ was written and submitted by user Rylie Burgess to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Outsourcing Workers Does Not Have To Mean Sacrificing Our Futures †Business Essay

Outsourcing Workers Does Not Have To Mean Sacrificing Our Futures – Business Essay Free Online Research Papers Outsourcing Workers Does Not Have To Mean Sacrificing Our Futures Business Essay Outsourcing has become one of the fastest growing trends in the business world. There are many reasons that a company would elect to use outsourcing. Among them is the fact that it provides an almost immediate opportunity for savings as well as a noted improvement in quality. At the same time, these savings are often gained to the detriment of American workers. Research has shown that outsourcing has both positive as well as negative impacts on an organization. By reading articles pertaining to outsourcing and its pros and cons, one can see how important it is to make sure the pros do not outweigh the cons or vice versa. As this is an election year, more attention than ever before is being placed on the issue of outsourcing. As noted by Daniel Drezner in his article, â€Å"The Outsourcing Bogeyman†, there are many possible problems with outsourcing. He quotes statements by many government officials who are not in agreement with outsourcing. However, he makes his readers aware of the fact that, â€Å"†¦if their exaggerated alarmism succeeds in provoking protectionist responses from lawmakers, it will do far more harm than good, to the U.S. economy and to American workers.† This is an interesting remark. Employees of organizations usually do not benefit from outsourcing and are often at risk of becoming redundant. At the same time, Drezner shows us that challenging the current outsourcing conditions could also have a negative impact on American workers. In his article, â€Å"Questioning Free Trade Mathematics†, Jeff Madrick poses the question, â€Å"How much has the exporting of jobs to foreign nations contributed to the lack of jobs and the absence of wage growth in the current expansion at home?† Throughout this article, Madrick attempts to answer this question and shows the negative and positive effects that the absence of wage growth has had. In the end, he concludes his article by making readers aware of his position that, â€Å"†¦the losers from free trade require more of the nation’s attention. The hierarchal structure of business is another area that has the potential to be impacted by outsourcing. If an aspect of a business, such as Human Resources, is controlled by an outside group, human resources are thus removed from an organization and its formal structure. An advantage to this would be the prospect of expanding into locations that have not yet been outsourced. At the same time, the departmentalization of the structure would most likely need to be altered to meet with the changes resulting from the outsourcing. Organizations can call on outside companies on the basis of need. This is how an organization can reduce costs by outsourcing. Using the human resources example, one can see that such a division works on a basis where unnecessary wages are being paid. As most organizations do not require things such as constant recruitment, outsourcing them can save much money. The fact to keep in mind is that outsourcing does not do away with decision-making and a need for managers to be in control. On the contrary, managers are required to constantly monitor and evaluate outsourced functions to be sure that they are beneficial to their organization. In the long run, it is possible that such consistent monitoring has the potential of costing companies even more money than if their own people had conducted the work. If an outside group can perform tasks and duties with the same or better skills and competencies of existing workers, few companies would hesitate to choose them over their own workers. If a group of employees were made to feel inferior and caused to lack confidence and job stability, a collapse of morale could have severe consequences on an organization. In order to prevent this from happening, companies should perhaps consider cross-training their redundant employees to allow them to fill another position. Not only with this restore the faith of the workers, yet it also has the potential of increasing productivity. If more companies were to come up with similar solutions, outsourcing would cease to be a concern and American workers could benefit from increased job stability. It is clear to see through the articles of writers such as Drezner and Madrick, that outsourcing is a very controversial topic with both positive and negative aspects. Readers need to keep an open mind and be able to see both sides of the situation in order to have an accurate view of the issue. When we do this, we are able to see that outsourcing can stimulate productivity growth while at the same time reducing American employment. The goal for any company should be to protect the needs of their American workers by balancing the rewards of cheaper work through outsourcing with the impact it will have on American workers. Research Papers on Outsourcing Workers Does Not Have To Mean Sacrificing Our Futures - Business EssayPETSTEL analysis of IndiaTwilight of the UAWThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceDefinition of Export QuotasResearch Process Part OneEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenThe Project Managment Office SystemIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalRelationship between Media Coverage and Social and

List of European Languages Spoken in the EU

List of European Languages Spoken in the EU The continent of Europe is made up of 45 different countries and covers an area of 3,930,000 square miles (10,180,000 sq km). As such, it is a highly diverse place with many different cuisines, cultures, and languages. The European Union (EU) alone has 27 different member states and there are 23 official languages spoken in it. Official Languages of the European Union To be an official language of the European Union, the language must be both an official and a working language within a member state. For example, French is the official language in France, which is a member state of the European Union, and thus it is also an official language of the EU. By contrast, there are many minority languages spoken by groups in countries throughout the EU. While these minority languages are important to those groups, they are not official and working languages of the governments of those countries; thus, they are not official languages of the EU. A List of the EUs Official Languages The following is a list of the 23 official languages of the EU arranged in alphabetical order: 1) Bulgarian2) Czech3) Danish4) Dutch5) English6) Estonian7) Finnish8) French9) German10) Greek11) Hungarian12) Irish13) Italian14) Latvian15) Lithuanian16) Maltese17) Polish18) Portuguese19) Romanian20) Slovak21) Slovene22) Spanish23) Swedish ReferencesEuropean Commission Multilingualism. (24 November 2010). European Commission - EU Languages and Language Policy.Wikipedia.org. (29 December 2010). Europe - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EuropeWikipedia.org. (8 December 2010). Languages of Europe - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Europe

Tourism as a Tool for Reducing Poverty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Tourism as a Tool for Reducing Poverty - Essay Example Mkangi and Mbindyo, Kenya is an extremely fertile country, which stretches from the sea level in the eastern part to the snow-covered mountains to the north. Mountains that can be found in Kenya include Mt. Kenya, Mt. Elgon and Mt. Kilimanjaro, which also borders Tanzania. Its greatest feature includes the Great Rift Valley, found in the central and western part of the country. Also, there are a number of lakes and rivers found in Kenya, which include Lake Turkana, Lake Nakuru, Lake Naivasha, and Lake Bogoria among others while rivers include River Nzoia, Gori, Ewaso Ngiro, and Yala among others, which form part of Kenya’s Geography. Kenya does not perform quite well, but it is the largest economy in East Africa. The economy, based on the market with a few infrastructure enterprises owned by the state, also maintains an external liberal trade system. Adholla, Mkangi, and Mbindyo (2008) state that 70% of people in Kenya is employed in the agricultural sector in which half of th e sector focuses on subsistence farming. The growth rate of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Kenya has decreased over the last decade from 6.5% every year to 4% every year since independent and then to only 1.5% per year during the 1990s. Politically, Kenya has always been considered a stable country despite all the changes in its political system and conflicts in the neighboring countries. Tourism is the second largest export earner in Kenya after agriculture, which forms a crucial foundation for its economy.... A  unique  tourism features in Kenya include wildlife and beaches, which have enabled it to  out  space  all its neighbors in East Africa due to  excellent  planning  and  leadership. In addition, solid infrastructure and  devotion  to conservation of wildlife has driven Kenya to the forefront of the  regional  tourism industry. In Kenya, tourism dates back in the pre-independence time i.e. as early as 1930s, when explorers from abroad started visiting Kenya. The explorers and visitors mainly visited Kenya for  solitude, as well as big-game hunting expeditions, which the Swahili people started referring to as safaris. Some of the  early  visitors included Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, Earnest Hemingway, and Theodore Roosevelt among other celebrities. About 10% of Kenya  has been set  aside for wildlife conservation and biodiversity. Since most visitors to the  country  are  mainly  interested  in seeing animals especially the  big   five (rhino, elephant, lion, buffalo and leopard), game viewing is a  popular  practice. Also, there are other small and  unique  animals present in the country, which attract tourist too. Moreover, there has been a  remarkable  rise in the number of tourist since the beginning of tourism in Kenya. For instance, in 2003, Kenya received over one million tourists, which lead to rise in  bed  capacity, in classified hotels to over 73,000. Tourism in Kenya has employed over 219,000 people, which is approximately 11% of the total workforce in the country. Currently, Kenya is still in a state of  growth  i.e.it is still a developing country. However, there are many factors that are inhibiting

IT15 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

IT15 - Essay Example In addition, it engages the investigation of typing patterns. Moreover, according to vendors and pleased clients it is protected, acceptable, and reasonably invasive (Galea, 2011) and (Wagley, 2011). In this scenario, companies can use customer relationship management software to manage the records of their customers. The basic purpose of customer relationship management (CRM) is to recognize, attain, and maintain customers and mutual relationship. Additionally, customer relationship management software or system comprises a lot of tools and facilities such as services, marketing, sales, call centers, customer care, order management and sales force automation systems. In addition, in the past few years, software development firms have attempted to combine some of these useful technologies into an integrated application. In view of the fact that the CRM system is client centered, thus it uses a multi-channel policy to carry out operations. In this scenario, all the latest communicatio n devices like that fax machines, handheld computers and cellular phones can provide an interface for accessing CRM systems. Along with them, availability of internet turns out to be an essential need for the majority CRM systems. In addition, a very important element of CRM software is known as a B2C system.

Renaissance Essay Example for Free

Renaissance Essay Renaissance is a French word that literally means â€Å"Rebirth† and is referring to the rebirth of learning in northern Italy after there was hardly learning in the middle ages. During the Renaissance, there was a great renewal of education and ancient times. But, the Renaissance was more than just studying works of ancient scholars; it influenced sculpture, architecture and painting. In Leonardo da Vinci’s Mona Lisa, the mysterious smile reflects the newly emerging Renaissance values of Humanism and The Renaissance man. (Encyclopedia Britannica, 11th ed. , s. v. â€Å"Renaissance. †) (Encyclopedia Britannica, 11th ed. , s. v. â€Å"Leonardo da Vinci. ) (Encyclopedia Britannica, 11th ed. , s. v. â€Å"Mona Lisa†) Humanism was a new philosophical outlook that rejects religious beliefs and centers on humans and their values, capacities, and worth. For example some human achievements and concerns were the study in philosophy, culture, human needs, desires, and experiences. Humanism not only influenced the Renaissance, it also assisted the creation of art during the Renaissance. For example most of history’s famous painters lived during the Renaissance. In Leonardo da Vinci’s Mona Lisa, humanism is shown by her mysterious facial expression, which gives an indication that she’s keeping a secret. Humanism was key to the Renaissances success in art and learning because it got peoples minds off religious beliefs and allowed them to focus on human values like artwork. (Encyclopedia Britannica, 11th ed. , s. v. â€Å"Humanism. †) (Encyclopedia Britannica, 11th ed. , s. v. â€Å"Leonardo da Vinci. †) (Encyclopedia Britannica, 11th ed. , s. v. â€Å"Mona Lisa†) The Renaissance man was a major title during the Renaissance and almost every man wanted this title. The Renaissance man is a flawless individual who tried to master all areas of study. For example Leonardo da Vinci was considered a Renaissance man because he was a musician, architect, sculptor, painter, scientist, engineer, mathematician, geologist, inventor, cartographer, anatomist, botanist and writer. Leonardo da Vinci’s Mona Lisa was an example of Leonardo da Vinci’s title of a Renaissance Man because this artwork showed how talented he was by creating her mysterious smile. Today, the Mona Lisa’s mysterious smile is being debated why Leonardo da Vinci made it that way. The Renaissance man is a value of the Renaissance because this encouraged more scholars to learn and study so they have something to earn. Encyclopedia Britannica, 11th ed. , s. v. â€Å"Renaissance Man. †) (Encyclopedia Britannica, 11th ed. , s. v. â€Å"Leonardo da Vinci. †) (Encyclopedia Britannica, 11th ed. , s. v. â€Å"Mona Lisa†) In Leonardo da Vinci’s Mona Lisa, the mysterious smile reflects the newly emerging Renaissance values of Humanism and The Renaissance man. The realizations of the Mona Lisa demonstrated how much art had changed compared to the middle ages. Renaissance art was a huge contribution to the Renaissance and in fact expressed the values of it. (Encyclopedia Britannica, 11th ed. , s. v. â€Å"Leonardo da Vinci. †) (Encyclopedia Britannica, 11th ed. , s. v. â€Å"Mona Lisa†)

Free Essay: The Character of Iago in Shakespeares Othello :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

The Character of Iago in Othello  Ã‚   In the play Othello, by William Shakespeare, there is a display of the different human facets. This essay will primarily focus on the qualities of Iago. The way Shakespeare went about the description of Iago's character; anyone would assume that he was nothing but a despicable person. I would like to add a couple of perspectives to the list of theories. It may be that some of the things this character committed are somewhat justifiable. Now what exactly did this character, Iago, do that makes everyone perceive him as such a person? Well, he obviously is no heaven sent angel, he just happens to be as human as you and I. He just happens to be a smart individual who knows how to use his surroundings. Problems first arise when Iago finds out that another colleague has filled in the position of lieutenancy, which he has longingly envied. (Act 1.1) And those orders were given out by none other than Othello, general and best friend to Iago.   So we have one bitter individual who feels cheated out of a position that should have been awarded to him in the first place. Already we have one character showing resentment towards someone whom he should have held a close relationship with. Here enters Roderigo, who unfortunately was just someone of temporary importance. So why not make use of him? The moor, Othello, has currently run off with the fair maid Desdemona enraging Roderigo, a former suitor of hers. These jealousies that stir within Roderigo are enough to maintain him by Iago side to do his bidding.   Iago obviously knows how to get inside of people's heads; it seems to be what he does best. So he uses that to his advantage. After successfully enraging Roderigo he convinces him that he can still have Desdemona for himself. He conjures up a plan in which he and Roderigo will alert Barbantio that his innocent daughter has eloped with Othello, with the intent to cause Othello trouble of course. Roderigo sees it as a c hance to get Desdemona back. At least that is the line that Iago feeds him.   The thing that really captures me about Iago's character is that he is very straightforward. When he first took action he let everyone know of his intentions but since everyone was too preoccupied with their own worries they paid him no mind. Free Essay: The Character of Iago in Shakespeare's Othello :: GCSE English Literature Coursework The Character of Iago in Othello  Ã‚   In the play Othello, by William Shakespeare, there is a display of the different human facets. This essay will primarily focus on the qualities of Iago. The way Shakespeare went about the description of Iago's character; anyone would assume that he was nothing but a despicable person. I would like to add a couple of perspectives to the list of theories. It may be that some of the things this character committed are somewhat justifiable. Now what exactly did this character, Iago, do that makes everyone perceive him as such a person? Well, he obviously is no heaven sent angel, he just happens to be as human as you and I. He just happens to be a smart individual who knows how to use his surroundings. Problems first arise when Iago finds out that another colleague has filled in the position of lieutenancy, which he has longingly envied. (Act 1.1) And those orders were given out by none other than Othello, general and best friend to Iago.   So we have one bitter individual who feels cheated out of a position that should have been awarded to him in the first place. Already we have one character showing resentment towards someone whom he should have held a close relationship with. Here enters Roderigo, who unfortunately was just someone of temporary importance. So why not make use of him? The moor, Othello, has currently run off with the fair maid Desdemona enraging Roderigo, a former suitor of hers. These jealousies that stir within Roderigo are enough to maintain him by Iago side to do his bidding.   Iago obviously knows how to get inside of people's heads; it seems to be what he does best. So he uses that to his advantage. After successfully enraging Roderigo he convinces him that he can still have Desdemona for himself. He conjures up a plan in which he and Roderigo will alert Barbantio that his innocent daughter has eloped with Othello, with the intent to cause Othello trouble of course. Roderigo sees it as a c hance to get Desdemona back. At least that is the line that Iago feeds him.   The thing that really captures me about Iago's character is that he is very straightforward. When he first took action he let everyone know of his intentions but since everyone was too preoccupied with their own worries they paid him no mind.

Case Study of P&G (Marketing Issues)

| Case 5: P&G | | ————————————————- Company Background Porter and Gamble (P&G), founded in 1837, is one of the biggest consumer goods company over the world. P&G sells shampoos, baby care products, medicine and food etc. It not only diversified the product range but also the product width. Therefore, P&G has several brands under one single category but aimed with different customer segments. P&G is also famous for its innovative and customer-oriented approaches. For example, it designed one kind of shampoo which is suitable for Japanese.With the competitive advantages above, P&G was developing with an appealing growth rate and became one of the top 500 companies around the world. ————————————————- Why entered â€Å"$2 a day† market segment? In the past, P&G concentrated on medium and premium market segments. From the case, it was mentioned that P&G was too big to maintain a considerable growth rate within its existing target markets. It had to enter the bottom of pyramid, the 70% untouchable potential customers.Therefore, P&G targeted Chinese low end markets. In other words, P&G wanted to absorb Chinese living in countryside or second tier cities who earned around $2 per day. ————————————————- Marketing issues Following P&G customer-oriented traditions, the worldwide organization also put many efforts on the new target customers. It developed a series of marketing strategies as summarized. * Customer-oriented research P&G send employees to live in the rural areas in order to learn about the actual living style of the residents.After that, P&G found that Chinese living in countryside concerned more about the functions and the price level of the products. Besides, P&G still had more challenges to face. Firstly, the distribution channels were dispersed and small in size. Secondly, most people in the rural areas even did not know how to use shampoo correctly since they did not have chance to access those modern consumer goods. Moreover, P&G had to spend time on building mutual trust relationship with Chinese local parties as Chinese culture highly emphasized the importance of â€Å"Guanxi†.To attack all these challenges, P&G changed the method of packaging and developed â€Å"road shows† instead of its traditions TV advertisements to promote. * Packaging and prices of the products Since the new target customers only earned around $2 a day, they could not afford the normal price of its consumer goods. To solve this problem, P&G modified the packages to be used only for once in order to make the price of the products affordable for the new potential customers. * Road Shows P&G used its own prom otion teams to penetrate the rural areas.It had its own transportation team which decorated with its posters so that people could see the advertisements whenever the cars passed by the villages. Besides, P&G held many activities which attract people to know more about the products. In the activities, the promoters showed how to use the products to the residents. In addition, free samples would be distributed in order to attract the residents to try the products. It seemed that the marketing strategies were simple to implement but indeed, it spent P&G several years before it gained significant market shares in the new market segments. ———————————————— ————————————————- Strengths of the marketing strategies P&G was successfully using the localized strategies as wel l as customer-oriented approach. In my opinion, as the purchasing power of the bottom of pyramid was low, what they need was purely the basic functions of the products. Therefore, the company must learn the new target customers very well. The company hired many local employees who definitely understand the environment and living styles.Moreover, such strategies could make its promotion going deeper in the markets. Thought the number of audiences of every road show is limited, those who actual attended would get free samples. Then, they would tell their friends or relativities about how useful the products are. The effect of word-of-mouth would occur. ————————————————- Problems of the marketing strategies Everything has its down side. The marketing strategies P&G used were largely required time and resources. Such high investment was at risk.On the other hand, since P&G had a well-known image of premium class targeted, entering the low-end markets may lead confusion to its existing customers. In other words, there may lead some losses on original area of business. ————————————————- Recommendations Although in the rural area, residents earned just around $2 a day. P&G should not continue on the same strategy to them. The economy of China is growing with a high rate. Therefore, people living in countryside are expected to earn much more than current situation.The purchasing power of these customers should increase considerably in the near future. With the help of R&D center in Beijing, I suggest that P&G should start to invent some products which can fit for the change of the targeted customers. On the other hand, to avoid the confusion of brand image, I suggest P&G to launch another sub-brand names which include all the product categories aim ed at this market segments. (People earned $2 a day) Differentiated positioning product should have different brand names so that

Latino Conflict Management

It cannot be argued that the Latinos/Hispanics are now making their presence felt in most facets of American society more specifically in the urban communities and the workplace. This group of people is of Latin American descent with inherent unique ethnic and cultural backgrounds. Due to this difference it is possible that conflicts may arise in their interaction with Americans and other races. In resolving conflicts with Latinos/Hispanics it is important to at first understand situations or behaviors that easily lead to conflicts with them and to know their attitude or personal concept regarding conflicts. In this way effective approaches or strategies   Ã‚  Ã‚  for the resolution of conflict may be undertaken. According to Gabrielidis and et al, â€Å"Some of the most severe problems in intercultural relations arise as a consequence of interpersonal conflicts† (1197, p. 661). The greatest difference in the attitudes between the Latinos/Hispanics with the Americans is that Latinos are   a people who give prime importance to family relationships before other   goals or ideas , obligation to in-groups( family, relatives or people of the same race or cultural and ethnic background)   and the surrendering of   personal interests and needs in favor for the   good of the group or community while the Americans ,on the other hand, adopted a culture of   individualism in which the interests, activities and goals of the individual are top priority. I do not infer here that the Americans do not value family relationships or disregard the interest of others but that it seems that the Latinos placed these issues in higher degree. In the Latino context the innate goodness or uniqueness of a person sometimes do not show itself in their actions or achievements so they emphasized the respect and protection of dignity of a person irregardless of social class while the Americans on the other hand believed that a person can be judged by his actions and achievements. Also while both groups had similar definitions of close friendship, Americans emphasized freedom in the expression of their ideas in the company of a friend and may incline give up the friendship if it stands in the way of   self-expression and the attainment of personal goals while the Latinos emphasized support and expression of feelings and make necessary adjustments in goals to keep the friendship. Understanding this difference will help me put the conflict in proper perspective. Through this I can analyze whether the source of conflict was that if I made a Latino feel that his family or race was unimportant or that I perceived him as a person of lower dignity or status when I attempted to judged him base on what he had accomplished in life or that I made him feel as if it was his fault that he had a low economic status.. Based on what I had researched and observed the Latinos mostly wants to connect with people and as much as possible maintain harmonious relationships with others. In most cases they tend to avoid conflict to the extent that they are non-confrontational. They worry more on â€Å"saving the face â€Å"of family and others so that most of the times they do not say directly what they mean, as a respeto (a Spanish term which means respect to the dignity of the person).This   attitude is very opposite to the frankness of   Americans   in their interaction with others. An example is this, instead of saying that the clothes I wore do not look good on me  Ã‚   they will say that my clothes was not exactly nice but that I still look good wearing it. In resolving conflicts with them it is necessary to adopt this kind of indirect communication or else I may aggravate the situation. For example when I differ with opinions with the Latinos and he seemed to insist that he is right, instead of saying that â€Å"I was not happy at all with his attitude† I may say instead that â€Å"I understand why he acted the way he did and that he meant well but that it is better to listen also to the opinion of others†. In the positive aspect, the idea that Latinos wants to maintain harmonious relationships with others means that they are less likely to initiate conflict and may be open for reconciliation whenever conflict arise. However, it must be remembered that Latino conflict resolution should be appropriate to the setting and must be able to maintain individual pride and honor (Markus & Lin, 1999). Also extra attention must be given to the tone of voice and proper eye contact. In resolving Latino/Hispanic conflicts, there are different styles to be use depending on the ethnic and cultural identity salience of the Latino.   Ã¢â‚¬Å"Ethnic identity† means that he give more importance to his ethnic origin while â€Å"cultural identity†   means â€Å" that he give more importance to the larger culture in whom he is   interacting with which in this   case is   the American culture.   Those with strong American cultural identity prefers integrating (high concern for self and high concern for other; also called â€Å"collaborating†) and   compromising (moderate concern for self and moderate concern for other)   and uses emotionally expressive styles more   Ã‚  as compared to those   with weak cultural identity. Also those with a strong ethnic identity use integrating and accommodating (low concern for self and high concern for other; also called â€Å"obliging) more and third party less than those with weak ethnic identity in conflict styles (Cai & Fink, 2002).   Latinos, on the other hand, with weak cultural identity used avoiding (low concern for self and low concern for other; also called â€Å"withdrawing†) more than other ethnic groups   irregardless of cultural orientation   perhaps due to the Latino value of respeto and wanting to maintain respect, dignity and harmony   in social situations (Ting-Toomey et al., 2000). Armed with all this knowledge, I am hoping that I will be better equip in handling Latino conflict in the future. REFERENCE Cai, D.A., & Fink, E.L. (2002) Gabrielidis, C., Stephan, W.G., Ybarra, O., Dos Santos Pearson, V.M., & Villareal, L. (1997). Preferred styles of conflict resolution: Mexico and the United States. Journal of Cross- Cultural Psychology,28, 661. Markus, H.R., & Lin, L.R. (1999). Conflict ways: Cultural Diversity in the Meanings and Practicesof Conflict. In D.A. Prentice & D.T. Miller (Eds.), Cultural divides: Understanding and overcoming group conflict (pp. 302-333). New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation. Ting-Toomey, S., Yee-Jung, K.K., Shapiro, R.B., Garcia, W., Wright, T.J., & Oetzel, J.G. (2000) Ethnic/cultural identity salience and conflict styles in four U.S. ethnic groups. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 24, 47-81.            

Critically discuss the extent to which the duty to make reasonable adjustments has eliminated discrimination and inequality of opportunity faced by disabled individuals The WritePass Journal

Critically discuss the extent to which the duty to make reasonable adjustments has eliminated discrimination and inequality of opportunity faced by disabled individuals Introduction Critically discuss the extent to which the duty to make reasonable adjustments has eliminated discrimination and inequality of opportunity faced by disabled individuals ) Cases Archibald v Fife Council [2004] IRLR 651 Burke v Clinton Cards October 2010, ET/2900622/09 Chief Constable of South Yorkshire police v Jelic [2010] UKEAT 0491/09/2904 Nottinghamshire County Council v Miekle [2004] EWCA Civ 859 O’Hanlon v Commission for HM Customs [2006] IRLR 840 Tarbuck v Sainsbury Supermarkets Ltd [2006] IRLR 664 The Secretary of State for Work and Pensions v Wilson UKEAT/0289/09 Wilson v DWP [2010] EAT/0289/09 Wynn v Multipulse Electronics Ltd 22 October 2007, Case Number: 2301416/07 Government Report Equality of Human Rights Commission, ‘Equality Act 2010 Code of Practice’ Legislation Disability Discrimination Act 1995 Equality Act 2010 Website Rebecca English (The Daily Mail) â€Å"I was banished to the stockroom, says disabled shop girl now suing Abercrombie Fitch for discrimination† available at dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1192674/I-banished-stockroom-says-disabled-shop-girl-suing-AbercrombieFitch-discrimination.html accessed 9 May 2014 Equality Human Rights Commission ‘Reasonable adjustments’ equalityhumanrights.com/advice-and-guidance/education-providers-schools-guidance/key-concepts/reasonable-adjustments/ accessed 13 May 2014 Gov.uk, ‘Reasonable adjustments for disabled workers’ https://www.gov.uk/reasonable-adjustments-for-disabled-workers accessed 13 May 2014 HSE ‘The law’ hse.gov.uk/disability/law.htm accessed 13 May 2014 Samira Shackle (NewStatesman) ‘How legal aid cuts are harming the voiceless and most vulnerable’ (13 January 2014) newstatesman.com/politics/2014/01/how-legal-aid-cuts-are-harming-voiceless-and-most-vulnerable accessed 13 May 2014 Xpert HR, ‘Disability discrimination awards 2011/12’ xperthr.co.uk/quick-reference/disability-discrimination-awards-201112/114296/ accessed 9 May 2014

Definition and Examples of Embedded Questions

Definition and Examples of Embedded Questions In English grammar, an embedded question is a  question that appears in a declarative statement or in another question. The following phrases are commonly used to introduce embedded questions:Could you tell me . . .Do you know . . .I wanted to know . . .I wonder . . .The question is . . .Who knows . . . Unlike conventional interrogative structures, in which word order is reversed, the subject usually comes before the verb in an embedded question. Also, the auxiliary verb do is not used in embedded questions. Commentary on Embedded Questions An embedded question is a question inside a statement. Here are some examples: - I was wondering if its going to rain tomorrow. (The embedded question is: Is it going to rain tomorrow?)- I suppose you dont know if they are coming. (The embedded question is: Do you know if they are coming?) You can use an embedded question when you do not want to be too direct, such as when you are speaking to someone senior in the company, and the use of a direct question seems impolite or blunt. (Elisabeth Pilbeam et al.,  English First Additional Language: Level 3. Pearson Education South Africa, 2008) Examples of Embedded Questions Would you tell me, please, which way I ought to go from here? (Alice in Alices Adventures in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll)The question is not whether we will be extremists, but what kind of extremists we will be.(Martin Luther King, Jr.)I set up the checkerboard and  explained how the  pieces are placed and how they move. (Herbert Kohl,  The Herb Kohl Reader: Awakening the Heart of Teaching. The New Press, 2013)I live in New York, and I was thinking about the lagoon in Central Park, down near Central Park South. I was wondering if it would be frozen over when I got home, and if it was, where did the ducks go? I was wondering where the ducks went when the lagoon got all icy and frozen over. I wondered if some guy came in a truck and took them away to a zoo or something. Or if they just flew away. (J.D. Salinger, The Catcher in the Rye, 1951) Stylistic Conventions Kate [a copy editor] moves on to the second sentence: The question is, how many re-readings are reasonable? Uncertain about how to treat a question (how many re-readings are reasonable?) embedded in a sentence, she picks up [The Chicago Manual of Style] . . . [and] decides to apply the following conventions:Since the author has followed all these conventions, Kate changes nothing. The embedded question should be preceded by a comma.The first word of an embedded question is capitalized only when the question is long or has internal punctuation. A short informal embedded question begins with a lowercase letter.The question should not be in quotation marks because it is not a piece of dialogue.The question should end with a question mark because it is a direct question. (Amy Einsohn,  The Copyeditors Handbook. University of California Press, 2006) Embedded Questions in AAVE In AAVE [African-American Vernacular English], when questions are embedded in sentences themselves, the order of the subject (boldfaced) and the auxiliary (italicized) may be inverted unless the embedded question begins with if: They asked could she go to the show.I asked Alvin did he know how to play basketball. (Irene L. Clark, Concepts in Composition: Theory and Practice in the Teaching of Writing. Lawrence Erlbaum, 2003)

Research Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Research Analysis - Essay Example The hypothesis being tested is : Would a certain discussion type have a significant influence on rigorous instruction? The study adapted the concept of Academic Rigor as a means of measuring reading comprehension. This was specifically used since the researchers believed that Academic Rigor is one of the Principles of Learning that engages active use of knowledge among learners. The researchers learning expectations were quite high since they wanted to observe critical thinking among participants. Among the literature review, the study cited Brown’s collaborative dialogue. Brown’s theory is often used in what we call collaborative classrooms† wherein knowledge is shared between teachers and students. Teachers do not only use skill but â€Å"also value and build upon the knowledge, personal experiences, language, strategies, and culture that students bring to the learning situation† ( Tinzmann, et.al, 1990). The study also mentioned the concept of Academic Rigor which is often misunderstood. Actually , a good definition of academic rigor is â€Å" sufficient time be devoted to a topic or unit of study and that students would have an opportunity to explore it in depth, developing questions as they go along† ( Chapter 7:A-4, state.gov., 2005). Apparently, a lot of educators today have the wrong perception of this term resulting to unmet expectations in classroom learning. The study also presented Applebee’s study on the importance of disc ussion-based activities. However, Adler st.al ( 2003) emphasized that discussion is effective if it is monologic wherein the teacher does not confine the lesson through lecture and seatwork. Discussion-based is not a new concept anymore but a more important thing is how it is being implemented in the classroom. In short, the literature review emphasizes the importance of collaborative dialogue, types of classroom talks that can enhance learning and the applicability of Academic Rigor in promoting

American Consumers and the growing energy crisisThe Effects on Essay

American Consumers and the growing energy crisisThe Effects on Transportation Industry - Essay Example Tremendous increase in the price of petrol and diesel and other fuel also has had an adverse impact on the transportation industry. This paper discusses the effects of the growing energy crisis on the transportation industry. There are many causes for the increase in the consumption of energy and, as stated earlier, the main reason can be attributed the population explosion. Mass immigration is the driving force behind this unprecedented and environmentally damaging surge in our population ("Alert Archive", 2001, March). Supply of fuel is too less to meet the demands. This increase in demand is in turn due to the increase in the population. The United States of America is the dream land for many people outside America. People become ecstatic if they get an opportunity to live in the USA and settle down there with family and friends. The funny part is that these immigrants do not realize that they would suffer because of themselves! So, this increase in population and in turn the increase in demand and the shortage of supply have led to what we call the energy crisis. This is the obvious reason. The Energy Crisis has two huge effects: Energy will become much more expensive and no longer abundantly available. This is severe: we use energy for almost everything, so this has an effect on all facets of live. First it will give a reach/distance contraction within the economy (less transport and less mobility, due to high energy prices). Second it will (due to the fact that energy is used for everything), make everything more expensive ("The Credit Crisis joins the Energy Crisis: Creating the Perfect Storm", 2008, para.4) This crisis has an impact on various areas like the stock markets, gold and so on. But it is relatively more on the transportation industry. In America, it looks like people would find themselves in a financial constraint to get to their homes from workplaces and vice versa! The issue of transport is now tugging at the sleeves of every person in America mainly due to the increase in cost of fuel. Especially, in a place like America where most of the people rely on public transportation, a bigger impact is felt. Here, the transportation industry includes not just the buses, cars and other vehicles but all other related factors right from the manufacturing of the vehicles, the infrastructure construction and maintenance and other facilities. Every process is affected because of this crisis. The transportation industry will suffer, because the consumption of energy is not restricted to refilling the fuel tank alone. There are many other areas where energy is consumed in various forms for different purposes. Some of them are stated below. Vehicle manufacture, maintenance and disposal. The energy spent for manufacturing and recycling vehicles is a direct function of vehicle complexity, material used, fleet size and vehicle life cycle. (Rodrigue & Comtois, 2006) Vehicle operation. Mainly involves energy used to provide momentum to vehicles, namely as fuels, as well as for intermodal operations. The fuel markets for transportation activities are significant. (Rodrigue & Comtois, 2006) Infrastructure construction and maintenance. The building of roads, railways, bridges, tunnels, terminals, ports and airports and the provision of lighting and signaling equipment

An overview of the concept of cosmetic accounting Essay

An overview of the concept of cosmetic accounting - Essay Example From this research it is clear that cosmetic or creative accounting is a process where accountant use their knowledge about accounting rules to change or manipulate the reported figures of the company’s business accounts. Cosmetic accounting can be describe in different ways like it is referred as the terms of income smoothing , earning management , earning smoothing or somewhere as financial engineering. The term cosmetic accounting is used when ,accepted accounting techniques those are not allow to use as to report financial results of a company, and with the help of creative accounting those prohibited techniques are used to manipulate accurate picture of the company. The methods of creative accounting are noteworthy because they remain in use as generally accepted accounting principal. As an author every company is fiddling its profit, every sets of published accounts are based on books which have been gently cooked or completely roasted. This deception is all in perfectly good taste. It is creative accounting. Creative accounting also based on some unethical elements like as accounting details of a restaurant can be anything (true and fair). The creativity in such details is like showing a half glass of water as half-full instead of presenting it as half-empty. Both statements are correct but both can paint different pictures and create different images in user’s mind. Sometimes, creativity accounting can be described as accounting manipulation.... This way, the management can reduce the net income’s fluctuations from one period to another. An explanation why cosmetic accounting is considered as blessing or curse: Cosmetic accounting can be considered as blessing when it contributes to clear or maintain the existing accounting system. And it can become a curse when it is used un-ethically to treat unfairly a specific group of users of financial statements. Most of the accountants believe that cosmetic accounting can be used as both of blessing and curse. According to a survey only 10% respondent think that this technique could be a blessing and 21% think that it is a curse. Cosmetic accounting can be used in two ways Positive Negative Simply the positive one can treat as blessing as to represent the true and fair position of the company. It can use to polish the account interests, but also as an accounting engineering consist on agreed accounting policies. As according to International Accounting Standard 1, â€Å"Compa nies can chose any procedure for maintaining their accounting records from the set of procedure those are declared true and fair† Negative form of cosmetic accounting is when this technique is used unethically to damage a specific group of users of financial statements. For example Companies can use a technique to include capital profits as operating Profits from the sale of properties and shares. Companies can record unrealized capital gains as operating profit. Companies can include the profits of their associated companies as their own profits to make the better financial position. In short the Positive one recognizes genuine changes in the business accounting practices while the Negative one reflects undesirable

Cultural differences in leadership

Cultural differences in leadership To what extent is leadership culturally dependent? Take a look at the following statements collected from interviews with different managers from different countries: The American people value two types of leaders. They search for empowerment from leaders who establish self-sufficiency governance and assign authority to subordinates. They also give high opinion to the confident, forceful, risk-taking and bold leader as personified by John Wayne. The Dutch puts high importance on egalitarianism and are doubtful about the significance of leadership. Words like manager and leader are seen to be dishonoured. If a father is in employment as a manager, Dutch children will not acknowledge this to their friends. Arabs adore and give veneration their leaders as long as they are in authority! Iranians search for supremacy and strength in their leaders. Malaysians imagine their leaders to act in a manner that is meek, reserved, and distinguished. The French value two types of leaders e.g. Mitterand and De Gaulle. Mitterand is an example of a harmonious builder, association former and successful negotiator. De Gaulle seen as an example of a strong charismatic and enigmatic leader. Given the quick expanding of globalization of firms and improved interdependencies among countries, the need for greater understanding of cultural pressures on leadership and managerial practices has never been higher. In recent times, managers of global organisations face stern and hastily altering in international competition. The up-and-coming drift in the direction of an international economic society is apparent and this 21st century we find ourselves in may just become called the global world (McFarland, Senen, Childress, 1993). The huge significance depended on the interaction and communication in todays business world which is becoming known as a global village makes it mandatory for multinational firms and their leaders to dig deeper to acquire the knowledge of other global leaders and their culture to be able to better interact and conduct lucrative business with them without offending their way of life. As national economies, political systems, cultures, technologies, res ources and industries increasingly converge perhaps to meld, perhaps to take shape in new forms global management skills and abilities become more important to all organizations. These skills will be diverse. (Parker, B. (2005) p. 24). The globalization of firms shows quite a few leadership and organizational challenges which the success of organisational leadership happens to be majorly dependent on for the success of international operations. There are essential limitations in conveying theories from one culture to the next. What is successful in a particular culture may not necessarily be as victorious or openly accepted in another culture. According to Triandis (1993), leadership researchers would be able to modify theories by exploring cultural dissimilarities as constraints of those theories. According to Northouses (2004) general definition of leadership Leadership is a process whereby a person influences a group of people to achieve a common goal. Organizational leadership can be described as the ability of a person to inspire, persuade, encourage and allow others to contribute towards the effectiveness and success of the organizations of which they are members (GLOBE PROJECT, 1997. Pg.5). In addition, the GLOBE PROJECT research (1997) views culture as being operationally defined by the use of measures reflecting two kinds of cultural manifestations: (a) the commonality (agreement) among members of collectives with respect to the psychological attributes specified above; and (b) the commonality of observed and reported practices of entities such as families, schools, work organizations, economic and legal systems, and political institutions. With the ever growing trend of globalization in todays world which is categorized by the never-ending growth of global trade and to a greater extent international mergers acquisitions, the necessity of knowing and having a better grasp of the different qualities of various cultures become s mandatory for individuals working in these conditions. A lot of the impending disagreements, inconsistencies and disturbances in international joint ventures are mainly a result of the lack of taking into account the cross-cultural differences when establishing the venture (Lichtenberger, B. et al., 1993). Apart from companies that have the intention or plan or already have merged or acquired companies from other countries, this understanding is very vital for companies which are located in other counties with the intent of doing business with other companies from different countries. When it comes to the stage of outsourcing and transferring of production products or plants, issues arise on the matter of deciding which particular manager will be the most appropriate to put in the national or regional branches of the firm. The cultural background of the manager and that of the firm would also be considered. The kind of manager that will be able to go about the operations of the fi rm with little or no distractions from the culture of the firm and its employees and also how effective leadership for the firm can be guaranteed are all issues that would be taken into consideration when choosing a suitable manager. With the help of a feasible framework to assist in conducting and directing cross-cultural leadership research, it is easier understood. Some of these frameworks would be discussed below. One of the many research carried out on cross-cultural issues in leadership includes the Globe Project. The prime researcher of GLOBE (the Global Leadership and Organizational Behaviour Effectiveness Research Project) is Robert J. House, along with numerous co-prime researchers and an international coordinating group. He directs a group of over 190 researchers from all over the globe in the study of the different types of networks of leadership, organizational culture and societal culture. Other dimensional frameworks include those by Hofstedes (1980), Schwartz (1999), Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck (1961) Trompenaars and Hampden-Turner (1997), Hofstede (1980, 2001) and those which were originated during the GLOBE study (e.g. House et al., 1999House and Hanges, Ruiz-Quintanilla, 1997;). According to Bass , B. M. et al, one of the major characteristics of a charismatic leader is having an enormous influence on its followers (Bass, B. M. et al. (1990) p. 184). The supervision and management of a charismatic leader will direct its followers to performing better as it increases their motivation and zeal to become more productive which in turn increases the power and authority the leader has over them therefore, charismatic leadership is extremely vital in the organizational context as well (Hwang, A. et al. (2005) p. 963). Charismatic leaders are often seen as very energetic and self-motivated individuals who offer motivation and encouragement, are enthusiastic about what is necessary and competent (De Vries, M. K. (1996) p. 486). Therefore, following a charismatic leader is not just obeying orders to satisfy the superior, it is more a conviction about the performance and the beliefs of the leader (Ladkin, D. (2006) p. 173). This implies that the influence of a charismatic leader is hig hly accepted by his followers. They do not follow the leader because they have to but do so because they feel a sense of loyalty and attraction towards the leader. Charismatic leaders are viewed to require strong emotional and social skills because of the need of an intimate communication with the subordinates and offering the inspiration needed for them (Grove, K. S. (2005) p. 258). The United States and Japan have been chosen as comparison cultures due to their highly divergent relevance for a broader understanding of communication phenomena in cultures. According to Hofstede (2001, pg 9), the United States is a highly individualistic culture. However Japan is a collectivistic culture. Japanese management and leadership styles have received extensive attention in both the scholarly and popular management literature in the United States (Hofstede, 2001, pg 9). Ochi (1981) suggested Theory Z due to the organizational management principles in Japanese firms. He suggested that most Japanese firms operations could be implemented by some of the American firms. Therefore, Japan is seen to have a similar culture to that of the United States for scholars examining leadership within organisations. Leadership in the United States is identified by recognising leaders functions in organisations and grouping the various kinds of leadership found into different leadership styles. For example, Yukl (2002) defines leadership as leadership is the process of influencing others to understand and agree about what needs to be done and how it can be done effectively, and the process of facilitating individual and collective efforts to accomplish the shared goalsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Leadership is treated as both a specialized role and a social influence process (Yukls 2002 pg. 5). Yukl (2002) also suggested that decision making is an important function for leaders. Therefore, the techniques which different leaders decide to engage in making decisions has been raised as a subject matter which has to be further investigated. A way of making efficient decisions by a leader is known as participatory leadership. Yukl (2002), also suggested that a lot of the functions of administrators and managers inc lude deciding executing decisions involving the different procedures needed to complete a particular task, choosing the right subordinates, finding solutions technical difficulties, deciding on which subordinate deserves a pay increase and so on. In addition, Indvik, 1986 proposed that supportive leadership has been proven to show that there is consistent strong positive connection between the subordinates satisfaction and the organisations commitment and also with fair to strong connections with the subordinates positions uncertainty and performance in the United States. The moderate masculinity and low power distance ratings for the United States culture are highly reflected in these findings. Directive leadership has also been a significant factor in most United States firms with some analysis made which showed strong positive associations determining the subordinates satisfaction and role ambiguity and moderate positive associations with the surbordinates performance (Podoff, Tudor, Schuler, 1983). Nevertheless, these findings are profoundly based on the characteristics of the firm and the individual. Kerr and Jermier (1978) argued that employees who are extremely skilled, knowledgeable and certified will need little or no directive leader role model to be able to carry out their responsibilities. As pointed out by Hofstede (1980) and Smith and Peterson (1988) the exceedingly high individualism trait found in the United States strongly relies on the participative management processes. Keys and Miller (1982) proposed that the reason for the effectiveness leadership style is due to the fact that their style of decision making has lead to inherent job contentment, dedication, allocation of decision making and increased levels of motivation. Ochi (1981) proposed that the Japanese culture is seen as a collectivistic culture. Therefore the practise in the Japanese organisations would be to put emphasis on collective responsibility and collective decision making. According to Hirokawa (1981), he used a communicative perspective to explain the Japanese firms style of participative leadership communication. Leaders in Japanese firms are meant to act as effective communicators in order for them to be fully understood and effective. Managers aid, persuade and assist the flow of information and knowledge between their members and this also leads to the effectiveness of the Japanese firms. Most leaders in Japanese organisations endeavour to sustain harmony within the firm and also adopt a bottom-up process of decision-making so that they are more accessible by their workers. The United States, as depicted by Hofstede (1980) is highly individualistic, medium on masculinity and low on power distance and uncertainty avoidance. Howell and Dorfman (1988) explained paternalism in the United States as medium while Confucianism in Japanese firms needs reverence and submission from subordinated to leaders who have in the past responded with highly paternalistic attitudes (Peter W. Dorfman et.al, 1997) The high achievement and high individualism motivations that characterizes United States employees are shown in rewards and retribution contingent on a persons performance (McClelland Boyatzis, 1982). Over and over again, affirmative effects for reliant reward behaviour in the United States has been proven by Podoff and his associates (1992). Showing concern for followers and getting engaged in their private lives is expected by managers in japanese firms therefore these organisation are exceedingly hierarchical and are firmly organized (Chen, 1995) Given the various leadership styles and differences and similarities between the United States and Japan, some recommendations on how to better achieve effective leadership between them from ( from the Japanese perspective) is discussed as follows. In affective cultures, such as the United States, leaders tend to exhibit their emotions. They reveal their thoughts verbally and non-verbally. Touching, gesturing and strong facial expressions are commonly used and their statements are made fluently and dramatically while in neutral cultures, such as Japan and China, leaders do not tend to show their emotions. They do not reveal what they are thing or feeling. Physical contact, gesturing or strong facial expressions are not used and their statements are mostly said in a monotonous voice. Some of the key factors that a Japanese Manager should keep in mind before venturing out to the U.s to lead a group of employees is that he should avoid a detached, ambiguous and cool demeanor as this will be perceived as a negative behavior. They should try and find out whose work and enthusiasm are being directed into which projects so that they are able to better appreciate the vigor and commitment the U.S employees have for these efforts towards their jobs. They should let people be emotional without personally becoming intimated by their behavior. These Japanese managers also have to work a bit on themselves as this is not just a one-way street. They should not put off stride when the employees create scenes and become hysterical; they should take some time out for sober reflection and not react on impulse. They should also keep in mind that the purpose of the business is typically focused on themselves as a person rather than the aim or purpose of the proposition that is being presented. In conclusion, as discussed above about the different leadership frameworks in which both countries fall into, it is quite clear that the differences out-weighs the similarities in their leadership styles. These differences need to be taken into consideration if an effective leadership is desired.

The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) :: essays papers

The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) Preemployment screening can help management avoid hiring problem employees. However, employers must carefully walk through the screening process, or they may find themselves in violation of the discrimination laws set by the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). Security Management, with the assistance of legal experts, has reviewed the docket of 131 recent ADA cases at the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) to see whether any instructive trends are evident. The docket consists of ADA cases currently under litigation or recently decided. Most of the cases reviewed concerned preemployment issues, rather than disagreements that arose during employment. The ADA divides employment into three time periods: before the job offer, after the job offer, and employment. During the first stage, an employer is not allowed to ask questions that are likely to cause the applicant to reveal a disability. At this stage, the employer cannot require medical tests and can only ask whether an applicant can perform essential job-related functions, with or without reasonable accommodation. After an offer has been made but before the applicant has started working, employers have the freedom to ask any type of medical question or require any medical test, but employers are limited in what they can do with this information. At this stage, the job offer is considered conditional; however, a conditional offer can be withdrawn only under two conditions: if the test reveals that the applicant cannot perform the essential functions of the job (with or without reasonable accommodation) or if placing the candidate in the job-given the applicant's medical condition-would pose a direct threat to the health or safety of the applicant or other employees. As an example of the second situation, an employee who suffers intermittent, unpredictable blackouts could not drive a forklift without posing a direct safety threat in the workplace. For current employees, employers can only require medical tests or ask medical questions when they are job related and necessary for business reasons. The only exception is drug testing. The ADA does not protect current users of illegal drugs, nor does it consider drug testing a medical exam. Thus, employers have the right to test their employees or applicants for unlawful drugs at any time.

How does Stevenson explore duality in The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde? Essay

The idea of duality, in this case, of people displaying duality of character, being â€Å"two faced†, of showing contrasting sides to a person, was of much interest to people in the late 19th century, due to the way it reflected upon their society, and was a key concept of Gothic literature written at the time. In this essay, I shall see how Stevenson explores this, the techniques and methods he uses, and the way in which he shows us how duality is significant in Victorian society. The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde was one of the first novels to re-introduce the Gothic literary genre, and thus has several elements that are common to other Gothic novels, which I shall explore in this chapter. With Gothicism being a genre of horror fiction, almost all Gothic novels have some kind of monster as the antagonist. Mr Hyde, although generally regarded as human (a point which I will explore further later on), is quite obviously a monster in the original sense, that is, a being of pure evil and sadism. He is described as a repulsive, grotesque person, for example, by Mr Enfield: â€Å"There is something wrong with his appearance; something displeasing, something downright detestable †¦ he gives a strong feeling of deformity, although I couldn’t specify the point.† The fact that his features are not truly described, but only hinted on vaguely, is also important; it is common for Gothic literature to prey upon the fear of the unknown. Hyde as a monster is only ever witnessed through the eyes of others’, in other words, at no point in the novel do we get an explanation from his viewpoint. This is also another Gothic technique, designed to de-humanise the monster: if we could see things from it’s perspective, we could sympathise with it, therefore this is not allowed. In this novel, the idea of a monster is combined with another Gothic element: the double. The double is the idea of duality taken to an extreme, physical level: a character who has two different forms, often with one being good, the other evil. Common doubles in Gothic literature include werewolves, people who transform from regular humans into a wolf form, and vampires, people who, by night, become blood-sucking monsters. Hyde is the double of Jekyll; although he has a different form, he is not an entirely separate person, but is the evil side of Jekyll. By creating Hyde, Jekyll allows himself to express his innermost desires, without receiving the consequences, such as shame, guilt, or a loss of respect and reputation. This is part of one of the key themes of the book, which is exposing duality in Victorian society, that will be explored later. Finally, there is one thing that sets Jekyll and Hyde apart from other Gothic novels. Usually, they are set in very remote places, often in foreign, Catholic countries. This distances the reader from the often scary events happening, however, in Jekyll and Hyde, the fact that it is set in London makes the events seem much closer and real, and therefore scarier. Other than this minor point, however, it is easy to see how Stevenson uses the Gothic genre to explore duality in the book. Stevenson also uses a particular style of writing and a variety of techniques that help to explore duality, for example, the story is titled as â€Å"The Case of†¦Ã¢â‚¬ , which, as well as being a case as in a particular event, it is in some ways presented almost as a legal case. As the story unfolds, we see Mr Utterson on an investigation, with â€Å"evidence† in the form of accounts from Mr Enfield, the maid and others, as well as various letters and the will made by Dr Jekyll. At the end of the book, we get the full statements of the two main witnesses, Dr Jekyll and Dr Lanyon. As noted before, Mr Hyde’s recollection of the events is never known. By writing in this way, Stevenson clearly shows us contrast between the protagonist â€Å"prosecutor† and the antagonist â€Å"defendant† in the book, as well as involving the other characters as more neutral witnesses, but leaving it open to speculation whether they are in this case necessarily good or bad, exposing their duality, for example with Dr Jekyll, who, although he obviously hates Hyde for his crimes, still continues to crave becoming him for the purposes of expressing his desires. Another technique Stevenson uses is symbolism, mostly in the form of weather, for example, the city streets were filled with smog when Hyde was out, and in chapters 2 and 4, where Utterson and others are trying to find Mr Hyde, there is a thick early-morning fog. This, although common in London at the time, still had associations of secrecy and obscurity, as it was the domain of people like Jack the Ripper, and therefore the perfect setting for the crimes of Mr Hyde. As well as weather, Stevenson used the symbolism of doors and windows also as metaphors for secrecy. For instance, in Jekyll’s laboratory, it is always behind the closed cabinet door that he transforms into Hyde, and it is only when this door is broken down that the mystery is solved. Also, when Utterson and Enfield go to speak with Jekyll in Incident at the Window, the window serves as a barrier between Utterson and the truth that Jekyll hides. To understand how the book as a whole expresses duality, it is important to understand how contemporary readers would have viewed and reacted to the book. Obviously, at the time it was published, readers would have not suspected the idea of transforming into an evil doppelgà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½nger was the key to the mystery about Jekyll and Hyde. We should bear in mind that the most logical solutions are that Jekyll and Hyde were having a homosexual relationship, that Hyde was the illegitimate son of Jekyll, or that Jekyll was somehow being intimidated and controlled by Hyde, possibly via blackmail or debt; contemporary readers would probably have guessed that one of those was the most likely to be the case. It is also important to understand how readers would have viewed Hyde. In the late 19th century, many post-Darwinist theories about evolution and creationism were being discussed and debated, and people were beginning to accept the idea that humans were descended from apes. From this came the idea that people who were socially unacceptable, that is, anyone who did not confirm to the Victorian ideals of etiquette and manners, could be regarded as less evolved, and in a way sub-human. This is highly evident with Mr Hyde, who is described as being very short, deformed and ape-like. There is, however, a final point about the readers of the book, which I regard as one of the most important, and it is what made the book so shocking and controversial at the time. This is the way in which the book exposes the duality that was present in Victorian society, which is displayed by the important characters in the book. Society and culture at the time were based highly on etiquette and conformity, and of appearing the best as possible in public. Any person’s vices were kept behind closed doors, even with close friends and family, and thus, this lead to people leading very separate public and private lives. In Jekyll and Hyde, Stevenson shows this to some extent with all of the major characters, the most significant of which I shall explore further. Mr Utterson seems to be the most single-track, sincere character, however, he does display moral ambivalence as a lawyer. In his own words, â€Å"I let my brother go to the Devil in his own way†. At first, it seems that it is good of him, as a lawyer, to not judge people at all, however, although this seems helpful, it can also be bad, for example it means that he will not step in to help someone who is â€Å"going to the Devil†, but rather let them sort things out in their own way. He only seems to change this at the end of the book, and that is only because Poole suspects that Hyde has murdered Dr Jekyll. Mr Carew, an MP, is clearly shown as being a well-mannered gentlemanly figure, but because of this, we can not help but wonder why he is out in a shady district of London at night, and what he said to anger Mr Hyde so much (if anything). This shows once again the idea of having a private life, kept hidden and separate from your public life, which is what Carew appears to be doing. Finally, there is Dr Jekyll. Throughout the book he is described as a good man, who was respectable, admired by his friends, as someone seen as nearly perfect by Victorian standards. However, beneath the public face we can see that his fascination with Mr Hyde is not purely scientific. Once he has experienced what it is like to be in Hyde’s body, he begins to crave it more, this is because, through Hyde, he can do things that are completely unacceptable, even by modern standards. The book suggests that, as well as murder, he practised many sexual perversions, and similar acts. This shows how a man can fall and become a lesser human, as noted before, and that this is achieved by science. At the time, people believed in the idea that humanity could reach a peak level, and then devolve, becoming ape-like once again, Jekyll and Hyde could be seen as a metaphor for this. As you can see, Stevenson uses these characters effectively as well a wide variety of literary techniques and in the style of a Gothic novel to explore duality and how it relates to society at the time.

Importance of Time Essay

Time is said to be eternal. It is said that it has neither a beginning nor an end. Yet men are able to measure it as years, months, days, hours, minutes and seconds. They have also given meanings to the words – past, present and future. True, time has a meaning. It moves.Yet time is said to have no holiday. It exists always. Every movement of creation is linked with time. One cannot grow paddy in a month nor can a child become an adult in a year. Everything is fixed . Time is a free force. It does not wait for any one. It is commonly said that time and tide waits for no man. Time is money. A minute not usefully spent is an eternal loss. You can never get back the lost minute. One has to strike the iron when it is hot. The time flies and never returns. If you waste time it wastes you. To utilize time fruitfully, we must take concrete steps as to how we are going to use it and what we are going to do with it. There is a proverb which says that killing time is not a murder; it is a suicide. It means, by wasting time one is not harming others. On the other hand one is harming himself. A man who is a part of nature cannot complain against time. Time is powerful. It conquers all. Men are only to obey it. Man cannot say that he has nothing of his own. Time which is valuable is all his own. If you are not on time and miss the train, you miss it fore-ever. So also the time, once you miss it, it flies off. You can never catch it. Hence it is called fleeting time. Let us learn to use our time fruitfully. This is the key to success because time can create us or destroy us. It all depends on how we utilize time.